黄忠是蜀汉五虎大将之一，原为韩玄手下将，年近六旬有万夫不当之勇，弓箭射术天下无双。黄忠与前来取长沙的关羽连战三日，不分胜负。黄忠感动于关羽的义气，不忍用弓箭相伤，太守韩玄以忠战关羽不利要处斩忠，为魏延所救，投降于刘备。黄忠随刘备入西川，所到即克，战功赫赫。后又率军取汉中，定军山亲斩夏侯渊，为取汉中的第一功臣。刘备伐吴为关羽报仇，黄忠不顾年迈，请令担任先锋，为吴将马忠偷袭射中，回营后不治而亡。

　　Huang Zhong (148 – 220) was a leading military general of the Kingdom of Shu during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. He was most noted for his victory in the Battle of Mount Dingjun, in which his force routed that of Xiahou Yuan, who was slain in the battle. For his merits, Huang Zhong was ranked among the five leading generals of Shu, later popularized as the Five Tiger Generals.
Huang Zhong had always been portrayed in popular literature and arts as an elderly general with youthful vigor and constitution. Even now, the spirit to strive for excellence despite old age is often attributed to him. However, little was documented about him in historical records and it is impossible to tell how old he was when he was named one of the Five Tiger Generals.

　　张飞（公元168年—221年），字益德（《三国演义》中字翼德），涿郡人（今河北涿州）。三国时期蜀汉的重要将领。是演义中桃园结义的老三。
184年，黄巾起义，刘备在涿县组织起了一支义勇军参与扑灭黄巾军的战争，关羽与张飞同在其中。三人情同兄弟，刘备坐下时，二人常不辞辛劳随身守护，有时一站就是大半天。刘备辗转担任许多官职后，投奔昔日同窗公孙瓒，刘备被封为平原相，时关羽、张飞任别部司马，分统部曲。

198年，曹操击败吕布，被任命为中郎将。后来刘备再依袁绍、刘表 ，最后屯兵于新野。几年后，刘表死，曹操南下，刘备弃新野行陆路南逃，曹操派人追了一日一夜，在当阳踫上，刘备弃妻先逃，张飞带领二十骑拒后，张飞断桥、立于河边，大叫:“身是张益德也，可来共决死?”赤壁之战后，刘备夺下荆南，任命张飞为宜都太守、征虏将军，封新亭侯，后转到南郡。 后来刘备入益州，不久与刘璋反目。213年，张飞、诸葛亮、赵云等领荆州兵入蜀增援。到达江州，遇上刘璋大将严颜，严颜被张飞生擒，严颜拒降的豪气感动了张飞，被张飞引为上宾。大军继续分定诸郡县，后推进至成都，与刘备会合。刘备成为蜀主，赐张飞黄金五百斤，银千斤，钱五千万，锦缎千匹。
218年，曹操击败张鲁后，曹营名将张郃率军进入益州东北部，此地虽属益州但向来为张鲁的领地。刘备遂任张飞为巴西太守，出兵争夺，两军对持五十多日。后来，张飞率精兵万多人，邀张郃军交战，因山道狭窄，前后不能相救，张郃大败，弃马与十余人爬山退还南郑。此战不仅拓增刘备方领土，更使保住蜀地门户，使益州转危为安。张飞随即参与攻打汉中的战事。219年，刘备据有汉中，称汉中王，拜张飞为右将军，假节钺。不久，关羽被孙权所杀。
221年，刘备称帝，张飞迁为车骑将军，领司隶校尉，进封西乡侯。同年，刘备称为关羽报仇，东征东吴，张飞在阆中准备出兵会师江州。临近出发时，被其麾下将领张达﹑范强（演义中写作范疆）谋杀，更带同其首级奔赴孙权，刘备闻得张飞都督有表，大叫：“噫！飞死矣。”后主刘禅时追谥为桓侯。 其尸体躯干被埋葬在阆中，头颅埋葬在云阳，并分别建有张桓侯祠和张桓侯庙。

　　Zhang Fei (c. 167 - 221 AD) was a general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Zhang Fei was shown to have been a masterful general rather than simply a warrior. He treated his superiors with respect, but had little respect for his underlings. This is in contrast with Guan Yu, who treated his subordinates well but often disrespected his peers.
Zhang Fei is best portrayed through his description and actions depicted in his Sanguo Zhi biography by Chen Shou. Some sources suggest that Zhang Fei was also an excellent painter.
Zhang Fei was killed by his own men Zhang Da and Fan Qiang, while preparing his troops to attack the rival Kingdom of Wu, to avenge the death of Guan Yu. Zhang Da and Fan Qiang then surrendered to Wu.

　　关羽(?-219)，字云长，河东解县(今山西临猗)人。东汉末年亡命涿郡，从刘备起兵。建安五年(200年)，备为曹操所败，羽被俘。操待之甚厚。官渡之战初期，羽与张辽奉命解白马之围，他作战奋勇，于万军之中斩杀颜良，曹操封为他寿亭侯。羽不为所动，仍离操归备。建安十九年(214年)刘备入蜀，留羽镇守荆州，二十四年率兵北攻曹，围曹仁于樊城，俘于禁，杀庞德，中原震惊。此时孙权派吕蒙、陆逊等「白衣渡江」偷袭荆州，羽兵败走麦城，突围至漳乡(今湖北当阳西)被俘杀，追谥壮缪侯。

　　刘备不得势时，长期周旋于军阀之间，羽对备一直忠心耿耿，他被曹操所俘，操善遇之，也不为所动，在杀颜良以报答操之后，仍设法归此时甚不得意之刘备。这种行为，成为忠义的楷模。但羽为人骄傲自负，不能团结同僚，也易麻痹轻敌，故有荆州之失。关羽死后，被民间奉为神明，称为「关帝」，现为中国民间最重要的神祇之一。

　　Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a military general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. He played a significant role in the civil war that led to the collapse of the Han Dynasty and the establishment of the Kingdom of Shu, of which Liu Bei was the first emperor.
One of the best known Chinese historical figures throughout East Asia, Guan Yu's true life stories have largely given way to semi-fictional ones, mostly found in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms or passed down the generations as folklore, in which his deeds and moral qualities have been much exaggerated.
Guan Yu had been deified as early as the Sui Dynasty and is still being worshipped by Chinese people today, especially in Hong Kong. While being seen as the epitome of loyalty and righteousness, Guan Yu had been criticized by historians for being arrogant and vain, qualities that eventually led to his downfall in the hands of Sun Quan, lord of the Kingdom of Wu.
Guan Yu is traditionally portrayed as a red-faced warrior with a long lush beard. While his beard was indeed mentioned in the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, the idea of his red face was probably borrowed from opera representation, where red faces depict loyalty and righteousness. Also according to folklore, Guan Yu's weapon was a guandao named Blue Dragon Crescent Blade, which resembled a halberd and even more to a Japanese naginata and was said to weigh 82 jin (41 kilograms using today's standards). A wooden replica can be found today in the Emperor Guan Temple in Xiezhou County, China. He traditionally dons a green robe over his body armour, as depicted in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

　　赵云（168年～公元229年），字子龙，常山真定人（今河北正定），中国三国时期蜀汉的著名将领。
生平：赵云曾于占据幽州的军阀公孙瓒手下办事。公孙瓒被袁绍攻灭后，赵云并没有投靠袁绍。赵云后来追随刘备，在其麾下历任牙门将军、偏将军、翊军将军、辅佐刘备建立蜀汉，成就一代霸业。蜀后主刘禅继位后为中护军、征南将军，封永昌亭侯, 又拜镇东将军。227年，赵云随蜀汉丞相诸葛亮入汉中，次年出征曹魏，曾于箕谷设置疑兵，避免部队被魏军狙击。北伐失利后，贬为镇军将军，不久去世。261年后主追谥赵云为顺平侯。赵云有两

个儿子，长子赵统承继爵位、次子赵广。两人都在沓中追随姜维时战死。
人物特征 赵云是蜀汉军事集团中少有的“智勇兼备”的将领之一，曾经多次为主帅的错误决定做出指正。
据《三国志》记载，有关赵云的著名事迹有“长坂乱军之中救后主刘禅”，《云别传》中记载有“截江夺阿斗”、“汉水空营退曹军”等。
罗贯中所著历史小说《三国演义》中，刘备自立汉中王后，赵云位列“五虎上将”之一。
小说中的赵云武艺超群、胆大心细，而且德行高尚。
据《云别传》记载：“云身长八尺，姿颜雄伟”，刘备也称誉他“一身是胆”。三国时陈寿，杨戏称其“强挚壮猛”，“猛将之烈”，“以忠勇称”。
赵云的历史资料
赵云事迹多出于《云别传》，在《三国志》中别传没有作为正文内容，而是以注解形式出现。《三国志》原书中并无注解，注解乃后世南朝宋人裴松之所添加。《云别传》内容亦为《资治通鉴》等史书引用。
但亦有史家认为《云别传》内容以史料而论并不严谨，所记载的多是与赵云相关的轶事，真实性有待商榷。此说由清朝何义门首度提出，近年在互联网一度盛行。何氏并认为，刘备于221年准备东征吴国时，由赵云 (而非诸葛亮) 劝阻刘备不要东征是不合情理，应是子孙溢美。然而，何的说法被一些人指过分疑古。

　　Zhao Yun (168 - 229[1]) was an important commander of the civil wars of the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period of China. For most of his career, Zhao Yun served the warlord Liu Bei, playing a part in the establishment of Shu Han. In literature and folklore he is lauded as the third member of the Five Tiger Generals.
Due to the limited historical records, many facts about Zhao Yun's life remain unclear or unknown. The original records in Chen Shou's Sanguo Zhi are merely a couple hundred words. Pei Songzhi's annotations provide a relatively clear, though still far from complete picture of Zhao's life.

　　176～222年），字孟起。三国蜀名将。祖籍扶风茂陵（今陕西兴平东北），随父马腾生长于陇西天水郡。建安十五年（210），曹操派张既说服马腾到许昌，留马超领兵屯关西，封偏将军。次年，曹操命夏侯渊等率军入关中，以讨汉中张鲁。马超、韩遂等十部疑其图己，联合抗曹，以十万人马进至潼关阻击曹军。曹操见势，由蒲坂（在今山西永济县西）西渡黄河，准备南渡渭水，从侧后进攻联军。马超对韩遂说：“我军只须在渭水北据守，不让曹军渡渭水，不出旬月，粮草供应不上，曹军必然自退。”韩遂不纳马超之谋，曹操便在二人之间施行离间之

计。马韩不合，曹军大胜。马超兵败后逃到凉州（今甘肃武威市），自称征西将军，领州牧，督凉州军事。不久，马超部下反叛，他被迫逃往汉中投靠张鲁。张鲁不器重马超，部将杨白等又排挤超。马超在建安十九年（214）奔蜀中去投刘备。刘备得报，分一部人马交马超，让他屯于成都北。刘璋知马超善战，心中恐惧，不久即开城投降了刘备。刘备入成都，封马超为左将军。蜀国立，马超被封为骠骑将军，列五虎上将。章武二年（222），马超卒。

　　Ma Chao (176 - 222) was the eldest son of Ma Teng and a general of the Three Kingdoms Period. In Luo Guanzhong's novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms he received the nickname "Ma Chao the Splendid" due to his elaborate armour and skill as a warrior. Ma Chao is remembered as one of the Five Tiger Generals of Shu, popularised by The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.